Every sick person needs treatment to be better. Although diabetes cannot be cured, it can be treated successfully. If a high blood sugar level is brought down to a normal level, your symptoms will ease and your risk of long-term complications will be much lower
People who have type 1 diabetes need to have regular insulin injections.
In type 1 diabetes, the body stops making insulin and the blood sugar level goes very high.
There are different types of insulin available which are classified according to how quickly and for how long they work. Your doctor or diabetes nurse will discuss the various preparations and help you choose a regimen that is right for you. Treatment with insulin is usually lifelong.
Insulin is a hormone that is made by cells called beta cells. These are part of little islands of cells (islets) within the pancreas. Hormones are chemicals that are released into the bloodstream and work on various parts of the body. Insulin helps to control the levels of sugar (glucose) in your blood.
How does insulin work?
After you eat, various foods are broken down in your gut into sugars. The main sugar is called glucose and it passes through your gut wall into your bloodstream. However, to remain healthy, your blood sugar level should not go too high or too low.
So, when your blood sugar level begins to rise (after you eat), the level of insulin should also rise. Insulin works on the cells of your body and makes them take in glucose from the bloodstream. Some of the glucose is used by the cells for energy and some is converted into glycogen or fat (which are stores of energy). When the blood sugar level begins to fall (between meals), the level of insulin falls. Some glycogen or fat is then converted back into glucose which is released from the cells into the bloodstream.
What is insulin used for?
Your doctor may prescribe insulin if you have a condition called diabetes. In this condition, your body does not make enough insulin to meet its needs, or if it does, does not use the insulin it makes effectively. People with diabetes need treatment to control the level of sugar (glucose) in their blood. There are two different types of diabetes:
Type 1 diabetes
In people with type 1 diabetes the body stops making insulin and the blood sugar level goes very high. Treatment to manage blood sugar levels is with insulin injections and a healthy diet.
Dose Adjustment for Normal Eating (DAFNE) is a way of managing type 1 diabetes and provides people with the skills necessary to estimate the carbohydrate in each meal and to inject the right dose of insulin.
Type 2 diabetes
The initial stages in type 2 diabetes treatment are usually to follow a healthy diet, lose weight if you are overweight, and do regular physical activity. If lifestyle advice does not control your blood glucose levels then medicines are used to help lower these levels. One medicine (usually metformin) is used first but two or even three medicines may be needed.
Most of the type 2 diabetes medicines are given in tablet form. However, some people with type 2 diabetes need insulin injections to help control blood sugar (glucose) levels. Some people gain a great deal of benefit from insulin injections. Insulin injections can be used in combination with other medicines to further improve glucose control.
Medication is used in addition to, and not instead of, the above lifestyle measures.
The treatment that should be given to a type2 diabetic patients is:
Dieting
Exercise and
Lose of weight
